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Tropical Storm the storm is projected to escalate to a rare highest-level cyclone as it turns toward Jamaica, causing dangerous flash flooding and mudslides.

The hurricane, which registered winds of up to 120 miles per hour as of 6:00 AM GMT, is now shifting toward the northwest in the Caribbean Sea and is projected to reach land by midweek, as reported by meteorological authorities.

Warnings of blackouts and damage to infrastructure have been released as the hurricane produces up to 76cm of rain and coastal flooding as high as 4m above ground. "Find safe refuge immediately," inhabitants have been advised.

This hurricane is the 13th named cyclone in the ongoing Atlantic storm period, which normally finishes in the eleventh month.

Most Intense Hurricane Danger

A highest-level cyclone is the most powerful category, with wind speeds of at least 252 km/h.

While Melissa is set to reduce in intensity to a category four storm before making landfall on Jamaica, meteorologists said there was "almost no noticeable change in the total effects" upon making contact with land, and that the hurricane will be "equally strong" when it impacts the country.

Immediate Readiness Measures

With tropical storm-strength gusts and precipitation predicted to begin long before it crosses the island's interior - including potentially the capital, Kingston - alerts emphasize that "preparations should be rushed to completion".

"An extended timeframe of harmful winds and intense precipitation has started and will cause severe and deadly sudden floods and numerous landslides," urged climate experts.

The country's head of government the official said: "I understand that there are many Jamaicans who are concerned, who are very concerned, and with good reason: worry is natural.

"But the best way to handle worry and any unease and worry is to stay ready."

Residents are being instructed to fortify their houses with protective bags and wooden boards, and to stock up on basic necessities.

Broader Impact

Warnings are also active for parts of the neighboring country such as the capital, Port au Prince, the adjacent nation and eastern Cuba, where the hurricane is expected to bring similar effects by the middle of next week.

Landslides already being caused by the hurricane have already killed two in the country, according to the nation's Civil Protection agency.

Expected Trajectory

This weather system is forecast to pass over the island nation by Wednesday before traveling via the Caribbean archipelago and out into the Atlantic.

By the moment it arrives at the Caribbean nation, it is anticipated to have diminished to a third-level cyclone.

Climate Background

While it is difficult to link particular meteorological occurrences to climate change, experts say it is resulting in weather phenomena more prevalent and more extreme.

Increased sea temperatures produce more moisture in the atmosphere, contributing to the formation of storms.

Prior to the commencement of this season's Atlantic storm period, climate agencies forecast above-normal activity, referencing elevated ocean temperatures and likely enhanced seasonal rains around African coastal regions - where Atlantic storms often form.